Historical Background and Political Events
– Ancient Egypt was ruled by pharaohs and later became Christian under the Roman Empire.
– The Fatimid Caliphate and Mamlukes ruled Egypt before it fell apart after World War I.
– Egypt gained independence in 1922 and became a republic in 1952 after a revolution.
– Muhammad Ali was granted the pashalik of Cairo in 1805.
– Farouk of Egypt was the last ruler of the Muhammad Ali dynasty and was overthrown in 1952.
– Gamal Abdel Nasser became president from 1956 to 1970.
– Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak also served as presidents.
– Abdel Fattah el-Sisi has been the president since 2014.
– In 2011, thousands of protesters gathered in Cairo, demanding the resignation of President Hosni Mubarak.
– Mubarak agreed to leave office on February 11, 2011.
– Mohamed Morsi, a candidate from the Muslim Brotherhood, won the democratic election in 2012.
– Morsi’s declaration of unlimited powers led to widespread protests.
– He was unseated by a military coup council in July 2013, and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi became president in 2014.
– Hosni Mubarak resigned as Egyptian President in 2011.
– The Constitutional Declaration marked a significant moment in Egyptian history.
– The Arab Republic of Egypt is governed by a constitution.
– The Great Egyptian People have played a role in shaping Egypt’s history.
Geography
– Egypt is a large country with a significant portion being desert.
– Most of the population lives along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and the Nile River.
– Major cities include Cairo, Alexandria, Aswan, and Port Said.
– Egypt is divided into 29 governorates.
– Egypt’s total area is recorded in square kilometers.
– Egypt is located in the Middle East.
– The Greater Middle East includes countries like Afghanistan and Morocco.
– Cyprus is a disputed territory in the Middle East.
Demographics
– The majority of people in Egypt are Sunni Muslims.
– There is also a significant Christian population, primarily belonging to the Coptic Orthodox Church.
– Arabic is the official language, with Egyptian Arabic being the most spoken dialect.
– Some Egyptians also speak Coptic, English, French, and German.
– Egypt has produced many famous individuals, including actors, politicians, Nobel Prize winners, and footballers.
Economic Indicators
– Egypt’s GDP growth rate was 7.0%.
– The GINI index measures income inequality in Egypt.
– The International Monetary Fund provides economic data on Egypt.
– Egypt’s economy is included in the World Economic Outlook Database.
– The World Bank archives information on Egypt’s GINI index.
Human Development
– The Human Development Report 2020 includes information on Egypt.
– The United Nations Development Programme publishes the report.
– The report explores the next frontier of human development.
– Egypt’s human development is analyzed in the report.
– The report provides insights into the Anthropocene era.Sources: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt
